Hydraulic valve.



Nlln STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PETER HALL COWPER, OF MONTREAL, CANADA, ASSIGNOR TO GEORGE HART, OF VILLIAMSPGRT, PENNSYLVANIA.

HYDRAULIC VALVE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 716,626, dated December 23, 1902.

Application filed February S, 1902. Serial No. 92,378. (No model.)

.To @ZZ zutont it ntfry concern:

Be it known that I, PETER HALL Uowrnn, a subject of His Majesty the King of Great Britain, residing in the city and district of Montreal, Province of Quebec, Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Valves; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the sam e.

My invention relates to a valve adapted to be inserted in pipes to regulate the liow of liquids, and especially to that type of valve used in high-pressure hydraulic and steam pipes, such as are used in hydraulic presses, where the pressure against which the valve is required to hold varies from one thousand to iive thousand pounds per square inch or higher, as the case may be. Heretofore ordinary globevalves or gate-valves have been used for such purposes and special valves have been designed to accomplish the purpose herein had in view-that is to say, of holding the valve tight to hermetically sealthe passage against all pressures, however high they may be; but all former valves, so far as I am aware, have fallen short of their aim, because at high pressures they invariably blow out their packing, or in the case of steam-valves the steam often cuts holes in the valve-seat and passages and forces its escape, and at the present time there is no valve on the market, so far as I am aware, that will adequately hold against very high pressures.

My improved valve comprises a pair of interlocking cylinders, one of which telescopes over the other, and the valve-seat is formed by the flat abutting inside and outside surfaces of these respective cylinders, the seat being thus perfectly vertical to the direction of motion, and the valve-packing being held within the larger or exterior cylinder is thus absolutely prevented from being blown out.

My invention consists in the peculiar arrangement and combination of devices that are described in the following specification and particularly brought out in the claims.

I have shown the preferred form of my improved hydraulic valve in the accompanying drawings, in which- Fignre 1 is a longitudinal vertical central section through the body of the valve, show ing the upper part in elevation and the Valve in closed position. Fig. 2 is a fragmentary similar view showing the valve open. Fig. 3 is a detail view of a modified form of valveboX adapted for high-pressure steam purposes, the box being shown in vertical central section and the end of the valve-stem in elevation. Fig. 4 is a plan section of the parts shown in Fig. 3 on the line 4 4.

The numeral 5 designates the body of the valve, which is made of cast iron, brass, bronze, or other material, as may be found most suitable, the same having the two opposite branches 6 and 7, adapted for the reception of the pipe ends 8 and 9, the valve of the gures being, as will be seen, a straightway valve of the usual arrangement in this respect, although an angle-valve might be formed by simply locating the branch 7 on the lower side of the valve-body or the valve 8 at the front or rear sides of the drawings, these modifications being well within the scope of the skilled mechanic, and therefore constituting no part of my present invention. From the body 5 rises the tubular head 10, which is screw-threaded, as shown at 11, for the reception of the plug 12, which carries interiorly thereof the threaded stem 13, the latter passing through the plug 12 and being formed with a handle 14 upon its upper end for operating the same to open or close the valve. The boss 15 of the plug 12 is squared for the application of a wrench to open the valve when necessary, and a gland nut 16 of the ordinary type is shown above this, the same being provided with a hollow space interiorly for the reception of packing in the ordinary manner of globe-valves, which is common in the art, and therefore need not be shown. The valve-body is crossed interiorly by a partition or web 17, which passes obliquely from the upper side of the lefthand branch to the lower side of the right one, as shown, thus dividing the body of the valve into two chambers 18 and 19, between which is formed the valve-seat. Thus far the device resembles a globe-valve of the ordinary or several patented types, as will be well understood. The particular features forming the elements of my invention reside in the construction which will now be described.

From the upper side and centrally of the dividing-partition 17 projects an upright nipple 20, which is cylindrical in form upon its outer side, and through its center is formed a passage-Way 2l for the Huid, this nipple being therefore open at both ends. The valvebox 22 is similarly cylindrical and is recessed on its upper side for the insertion of the end 23 of the stem 13, which in the form shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is secured thereto by a transverse pin 24, driven through the valve-box and stem. The box 22 is of larger diameter than the nipple 20 and formed with a depending iange 25, thus forming an interior cylindrical recess of a slightly-larger diameter than the nipple 20 and adapted to embrace and telescope the stem when the valve is closed. This flange 25 has preferably .a series of apertures 25 formed around its margin to assist in the passage of the fluid when the valve is open. The nipple 2O is faced od perfectly square upon its upper side to form a valve-seat, and the bottom of the recess formed within the valve-box by the depending ange 25 is similarly faced, these two opposing faces being adapted to lit together to close the valve; but ordinarily there will be placed between the valve box and seat a piece of packing material, which may be of various descriptions, according to the different uses of the valve.V This packing material is shown of two different' forms in the drawings, that shown in Figs. 1 and 2 ybeing especially adapted for hydraulic high-pressure purposes and consisting of a brass disk 27, accurately leveled upon its lowerside to restupon and closethevalve-seat, While its upper side is preferably formed, as shown, slightly convex, as at 28, and the lower side of the recess in the valve-box may also be slightly convex, as shown at 29, Figs. 1 and 2. The purpose of these reverse convexities is to permit a slight rolling Inovement of the disk upon the inner face 29 of the recess, whereby to allow the disk to assume the position best adapted to close the orifice in the nipple 20, while at the same time to support the disk 27 and keep it rmly braced against its seat from the center thereof. In this form of the device it will ordinarily be unnecessary to form any swivel- .joint between the valve-box 22 and stem 13,

as the box may readily revolve with the stem without any danger of injuring the valvedisk, which is'of metal, and, furthermore, has frictional contact with the box only at the center; but where the valve is used for steam or low-water purposes, it is ordinarily preferable to substitute yielding material, such as a disk of leather or rubber 27', for the disk 27 in order to obtain a perfectly tight closure of the valve-seat. This disk may be readily cut on the spot from any suitable piece of material, as may be needed, and quickly inserted in the recess in the box 22', no special tools or special form of disk being needed for this purpose. Inasmuch as the leather or rubber assumes a yielding connection of high frictional resistance between the valve-seat and the bottom 29 of the box and the latter is ordinarily made flat, it is necessary in this case to provide for preventing the box from rotating, which would have the effect of grinding the disk 27 between the box and seat and would quickly destroy it, and to this end the extremity 13a of the valve-stein 13' may be formed with an annular gouge 30, and to hold the stem from coming out a pin 31 is driven transversely through the upper portions of the valve-box, so as to extend into and engage the annular recess 30 in the manner shown. This is a simple way of forming a swivel-joint for the endof the valve-stem, although it will be understood that other forms of joint may be substituted, if desired, without interfering with the eifective operation of my valve.

When the valve is used for steam or lowpressure water, the apertures 26 in the sides of the depending flange portion 25' will ordinarily be made larger than the circular holes 26, which are suffcientfor water and liquids generally, and these apertures 26 mayv be made in the form of elongated slots,as shown. In the operation of the device the pressure side will ordinarily be on the left of Fig.

1 and below the valve, as is ordinarily the,

case in globe-valves, and when the valve is even slightly open the iiuid will pass into the inner chamber 18 and thence upwardly through the tube 21 of the nipple, out through the apertures 26, and between the exterior of the nipple and the depending flange 25, will pass out into the outer chamber 19 of the valve, and thence into the pipe 8, leading to the point of use. i

I have found in practice that this valve will stand any pressure to which I have tested it, and even with a leather washer it will stand upward of two thousand pounds pressure,

which is not the' case with any other valve in the market, all of which I have tested and found signally Wanting in this respect, because at high pressures they fail in the manner above referred to.

No valve that I have been able to find will stand any length of time; but I have tested my own valve through aperiod of two months, at a very high pressure, without either having to renew the packing or disk or repair it in any other way, and I have found it to give entire satisfaction both for high and low pressures and for every purpose to which a valve can be applied.

While I have shown in the accompanying drawings the preferred form of my invention, `it will be understood that I do not limit myself to the precise form shown, for many of the details may be changed in form or position without affecting the operativeness or utility of my invention, and I therefore re- IIO IZO

serve the right to make such modifications as are included in the scope of the following claims.

Having thus described my inventiomwhat Iclaim as new, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, is

l. A valve comprising a casing having a partition interiorly thereof dividing it into inner and outer chambers, a cylindrical tubular nipple rising from said partition, a valve-box having a cylindrical recess in its lower side adapted to telescope over said nipple, the bottom of said recess being formed convex, and said nipple having` a planed upper surface perpendicular to the tube thereof, and a valve-disk carried in said recess and having a planed lower surface adapted to be seated on the planed upper surface of the nipple and to be pressed thereon by said con- Vex interior surface of the valve-box.

2. A valve comprising a casing having a partition interiorly thereof dividing it into inner and outer chambers, a tubular nipple rising from said partition and having its upper surface planed perpendicularly to the tube thereof to form a seat, a valve-box having a recess in its bottom adapted to telescope over said nipple, a disk having a planed lowersurface adapted to fit upon and close said seat, and a convex upper surface against which the bottom of the recess in the valve-box is adapted to be pressed to close the valve.

3. A valve comprising a casing having a partition centrally thereof dividing it into inner and outer chambers, a tubular nipple rising from said partition and having its upper surface planed square to form a seat, a valveboX having a recess in its bottom adapted to telescope over said nipple, the bottom of said recess being formed slightly convex, and a valve-disk within said recess having a slightlyconvex upper surface against which the bottom of the recess is pressed and a plane lower surface.

4. A valve comprising a casing having a partition interiorly thereof, a tubular cylindrical nipple rising therefrom, and having its upper surface planed square to form a seat, a valve-stem mounted to reciprocate coaxially with said nipple, a valve-box carried by the lower end of the stem and having a recess in its lower side adapted to telescope over said nipple, and a valve-disk between said nipple and box adapted to close the seat of the valve, said disk and the bottom of said recess being formed slightlyconvex one to the other,where by to form a single bearing-point of the box against the disk, and to permit the disk to sit square upon its seat.

5. A valve comprising a casing having a partition interiorly thereof, a tubular cylindrical nipple rising therefrom and having its upper surface planed square to form a seat, a valve-stem mounted to reciprocate coaXially with said nipple, a va1ve-boX carried by the lower end of the stem and having a recess in its lower side adapted to telescope over said nipple, and a valve-disk between said nipple and box adapted to close the seat of the valve, said disk and the bottom of said recess being formed slightly convex one to the other,where by to form a single bearing-point of the box against the disk and to permit the disk to sit square upon its seat, and the depending sides of the recess being formed with apertures therein to assist the outow of the iiuid.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two witnesses.

PETER HALL COWPER.

Witnesses:

WALTER HART, T. MYNARD. 

